Library and Information Science (LIS) is a multidisciplinary field that integrates technology to create, manage, organize, and utilize information. This discipline ensures that information is accessible to various audiences, including individuals, communities, businesses, and organizations.
A Library and Information Science degree opens the door to a wide range of career opportunities. For instance, you can pursue a career in academia, law, or medicine, where your role might involve helping people access specialized resources or developing competitive intelligence. Alternatively, you might find yourself designing and developing knowledge-organization systems that enable diverse audiences, from children to CEOs, to connect with the information they need to learn and work effectively.
In essence, a Library and Information Science degree can be a fulfilling career path combining a passion for learning with a love for technology.
What is the Difference Between Library Science and Information Science?
While Library Science and Information Science are interconnected fields, they have distinct focuses:
Library Science: Library Science primarily deals with the management of books and other media collected, preserved, and organized in various types of libraries, such as public and academic libraries. This field also involves the study of managing and curating specialized libraries and archives used by hospitals, cultural organizations, corporations, museums, legal entities, the military, and other government branches.
Information Science: Information Science, on the other hand, focuses on the properties and behavior of information, emphasizing how it can be managed and processed for optimal accessibility and usability. Information scientists may design indexing systems for libraries, develop digital archival software for art museums and special collections, or create medical reference systems used by healthcare professionals.
By understanding the distinct roles and contributions of Library Science and Information Science, one can appreciate the comprehensive nature of Library and Information Science as a whole.
Importance LIS in Today’s Digital Age
In our increasingly information-driven world, the role of LIS professionals has become more crucial than ever. They are at the forefront of managing digital information, ensuring access to reliable resources, and supporting lifelong learning. With the rapid growth of digital content, the need for skilled professionals who can navigate and curate vast amounts of information is essential. LIS professionals not only preserve knowledge but also facilitate its discovery and use, making them vital contributors to education, research, and various industries.
Career Opportunities in Library and Information Science
Examples of Library and Information Science careers that graduates holding a LIS degree may wish to explore include:
1. Associate Editor
An associate editor’s tasks can vary, but typically include fact-checking content, compiling and reviewing material, and providing support for a team of writers. This role requires strong attention to detail, excellent writing skills, and the ability to manage multiple projects. The average salary for an associate editor is around $44,000 per year.
2. Chief Information Officer (CIO)
A Chief Information Officer (CIO), also known as an IT director or Chief Digital Information Officer (CDIO), is an executive responsible for ensuring that a company’s technology supports its goals and vision. This high-level role involves strategic planning, overseeing IT departments, and implementing technology solutions that drive business success. The yearly salary for a CIO ranges from approximately $99,000 to $295,000, making it one of the highest-paying careers in LIS.
3. Digital Archivist
Digital archivists compile, organize, and maintain virtual archives. This role involves managing digital collections, ensuring their preservation, and facilitating access to digital resources. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reports that archivists earn around $50,000 per year on average. LIS programs often prepare students for this role by teaching skills in digital preservation and metadata standards.
4. Government Records Analyst
Government records analysts review, assess, and seek ways to improve record-keeping and data maintenance practices within government agencies. This role requires a strong understanding of regulatory requirements and data management principles. According to Glassdoor, the yearly salary for a public records analyst ranges from $22,000 to $61,000.
5. Library Systems and Applications Developer
Library systems and applications developers are responsible for ensuring that library systems are set up for maximum efficiency. This role involves working with library software, developing applications, and troubleshooting technical issues. The salary for a library systems and applications developer ranges from $57,000 to $106,000, reflecting the demand for technical expertise in library settings.
6. Competitive Intelligence Analyst
Competitive intelligence analysts contribute to executive decision-making by providing and evaluating intelligence on competitors, consumers, or products and services. This role requires strong analytical skills and the ability to interpret data to inform business strategies. The average salary for a competitive intelligence analyst is slightly over $87,900, with a potential range from $28,000 to $127,000.
7. Information Architect
Information architects implement data-driven design strategies to make using applications and websites easier and more informative for users. This role involves organizing information, creating navigation systems, and ensuring a positive user experience. The salary range for an information architect is between $58,000 and $130,000, depending on experience and expertise.
8. Knowledge Management Specialist
Knowledge management specialists work in various industries, from insurance to pharmaceuticals, to evaluate, present, and distribute data that helps companies implement best practices and achieve higher efficiency. This role involves managing organizational knowledge and ensuring that valuable information is accessible and usable. According to LinkedIn, the average salary for a knowledge management specialist is $64,500.
Skills and Education Required
Educational Pathways
A career in Library and Information Science (LIS) typically begins with obtaining a relevant degree. The most common educational pathways include:
- Bachelor’s Degree in Library Science or Information Science: This undergraduate degree provides foundational knowledge in library and information science, covering topics such as information organization, cataloging, reference services, and basic information technology. Graduates with a bachelor’s degree may find entry-level positions in libraries, archives, or information centers. However, advanced roles usually require further education.
- Master’s Degree in Library and Information Science (MLIS): Often considered the standard requirement for professional librarian positions, the MLIS program offers a comprehensive curriculum that includes subjects like information retrieval, digital libraries, user services, collection management, and information policy. Many programs also offer specializations in areas such as digital archiving, youth services, or academic librarianship. This degree prepares graduates for a wide range of LIS roles and is typically required for certification by professional bodies.
- Specialized Certifications: Certifications in areas like digital archiving, data management, information architecture, or competitive intelligence can enhance career prospects and demonstrate expertise in specific LIS domains. These certifications can be obtained through professional organizations or educational institutions and often involve coursework and exams.
- Doctoral Degrees (PhD): For those interested in academic or high-level research positions, a PhD in LIS can be advantageous. Doctoral programs focus on advanced research, theory, and practice in LIS, preparing graduates for roles in academia, advanced research, or senior administrative positions. These programs typically require the completion of a dissertation based on original research.
Core Skills
1. Research and Analytical Abilities LIS professionals need strong research skills to locate, evaluate, and synthesize information from various sources. This involves understanding research methodologies, using advanced search techniques, and critically assessing the quality and relevance of information. Analytical abilities are crucial for interpreting data, identifying trends, and making informed decisions based on evidence.
2. Technological Proficiency With the growing importance of digital information, proficiency in technology is essential. Key areas include:
- Digital Literacy: Understanding and using digital tools and resources effectively, including databases, digital libraries, and online research platforms.
- Database Management: Skills in managing and organizing digital databases, ensuring data integrity, and facilitating efficient information retrieval.
- Software Proficiency: Familiarity with library management systems, digital archiving tools, content management systems, and other relevant software applications. This includes skills in troubleshooting, customization, and optimizing the use of these systems.
3. Communication Skills Strong written and verbal communication skills are vital for interacting with patrons, colleagues, and stakeholders. LIS professionals must be able to convey complex information clearly and effectively, whether through reference interviews, instructional sessions, reports, or presentations. They also need to be adept at writing policies, procedures, and documentation.
4. Organizational Skills Managing collections, projects, and workflows requires excellent organizational skills. LIS professionals must be adept at prioritizing tasks, managing time efficiently, and maintaining meticulous records. This includes skills in project management, workflow optimization, and resource allocation.
5. Interpersonal Skills Interacting with diverse groups of people is a daily aspect of LIS work. Interpersonal skills such as empathy, patience, and the ability to work collaboratively are essential. LIS professionals must be able to build relationships, provide excellent customer service, and work effectively in team settings.
6. Critical Thinking LIS professionals must be able to assess the reliability and relevance of information, solve problems creatively, and adapt to changing information landscapes. Critical thinking involves evaluating sources, synthesizing information from various perspectives, and making decisions based on sound reasoning and evidence.
7. Ethical Awareness Understanding and adhering to ethical standards in information management is crucial. This includes issues of privacy, intellectual property, information equity, and the ethical use of information. LIS professionals must be aware of legal and ethical considerations related to information access, confidentiality, and copyright.
8. Adaptability The information landscape is constantly evolving, especially with technological advancements. LIS professionals need to be adaptable, continuously learning, and willing to embrace new tools, methodologies, and practices. This involves staying current with industry trends, participating in professional development, and being open to change.
Continuing Education and Professional Development
The field of LIS is dynamic, and staying current with industry trends, emerging technologies, and best practices is important. Continuing education through workshops, seminars, webinars, and professional conferences helps LIS professionals maintain their expertise and advance their careers.
- Professional Associations: Organizations such as the American Library Association (ALA), Special Libraries Association (SLA), and Association for Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) offer resources, networking opportunities, and continuing education programs. Membership in these associations can provide access to journals, conferences, and professional development courses.
- Certifications and Specializations: Pursuing additional certifications in specialized areas of LIS can enhance career prospects and demonstrate a commitment to professional growth. Examples include certifications in digital curation, records management, information architecture, and competitive intelligence.
- Networking: Building a professional network through associations, conferences, and online communities can provide valuable support, mentorship, and job opportunities. Networking with colleagues and industry leaders can help LIS professionals stay informed about trends, share best practices, and collaborate on projects.
- Mentorship and Collaboration: Engaging with mentors and collaborating with peers can provide valuable insights and support. Mentorship programs, both formal and informal, can help LIS professionals navigate their careers, develop new skills, and achieve their professional goals.
By acquiring the appropriate education and developing these core skills, individuals can position themselves for success in the diverse and evolving field of Library and Information Science.
Conclusion
Library and Information Science (LIS) offers a diverse range of career opportunities, from traditional roles like librarians to emerging positions such as digital archivists and information architects. As information becomes increasingly digitized, the demand for skilled LIS professionals continues to grow, making it a promising career path.
LIS professionals play a crucial role in managing, organizing, and ensuring ethical access to information. Their expertise benefits individuals, organizations, and society by maintaining the reliability and accessibility of information. With the right educational qualifications, such as a Master’s Degree in Library and Information Science (MLIS), and continuous professional development, individuals can thrive in this dynamic field.
A career in LIS is both rewarding and essential in today’s information-driven world. By becoming stewards of knowledge and facilitators of information access, LIS professionals ensure that valuable information resources are preserved and available for future generations.
