Most populated country in africa: Africa is the second-largest continent by geographic area and the second-most populated continent globally. Africa’s population is the youngest of all the continents, with a median age of 19.7 (in comparison to the global median age of 30.4). The northern country like Algeria, western country like Nigeria has the largest sovereign state and also among the most populated countries in Africa. Nigeria is by far the largest country in terms of population, with more than 229 million people. Ethiopia follows with over 129 million, while Egypt, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tanzania, South Africa, and Kenya are all included.
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Top10 Most Populated Countries in Africa
Africa’s population grows by more than 2%, with countries like Niger and DR Congo exceeding 3%. Demographers predict that by 2050, Africa’s population could reach 2.5 billion. The combined population of Africa; here are the most populated countries in Africa:
1. Nigeria
Population – 229 million
Growth rate – 2.39% annually.
Nigeria is the most populated country in africa. Its population size underscores the importance of addressing issues such as urbanisation, education, and healthcare. With a growing youth population, Nigeria has the potential to leverage its human capital for economic growth, provided necessary investments are made.
Nigeria has added over 109 million people in 24 years, with a CAGR of 2.6%. Its fertility rate remains one of the highest in Africa at 5.3 births per woman, while the urban population reached 56.3% in 2024. Lagos alone holds over 15 million residents, making it one of the continent’s largest cities. The median age is 17.9, indicating a youthful, fast-growing population.
2. Ethiopia
Population – 129 million
Growth rate – 2.52% annually
Ethiopia is the second most populated country in africa. Ethiopia’s population growth has been driven by high birth rates. As the second-most populated country on the continent, it continues to focus on improving infrastructure and expanding access to resources to accommodate its growing population of 129 million.
3. Egypt
Population – 114 million,
Growth rate – 1.57% annually
Egypt is the third most populated country in africa. Egypt’s population growth is centred around urban areas like Cairo and Alexandria. The country has faced challenges in balancing population demands with resource availability, particularly water. Its large population also contributes to a robust labour market and domestic economy.
Egypt has added nearly 46 million people since 2000, with a CAGR of 2.24%. The fertility rate dropped from 3.5 births per woman in 2000 to 2.73 births per woman, and the urban population reached 40.8% in 2024. Cairo alone houses over 22 million people, making it one of the largest urban centers in Africa. The median age in 2024 was 24.3, reflecting a relatively older population compared to Sub-Saharan Africa.
4. Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
Population – 105 million
Growth rate – 3.29% annually
The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is the fourth most populated country in africa. The DRC’s population growth reflects its expansive land area and high fertility rates. However, the country faces challenges in meeting the basic needs of its citizens. Addressing infrastructure gaps and improving governance remain critical for sustainable development.
The DRC is a country of paradoxes. Despite enormous reserves of natural resources (cobalt, copper, diamonds, gold), fertile land, rich biodiversity, and vast rainforests, it remains one of the world’s poorest and most dangerous states, with a population of 105 million
5. Tanzania
Population – 69 million
Growth rate – 2.94% annually
Tanzania is the fifth most populated country in africa. Tanzania’s population is spread across its vast landscapes, with rural communities forming a significant portion. The government continues to focus on enhancing education and healthcare to meet the needs of its growing population.
Tanzania is among Africa’s most rapidly developing, fascinating, and safe countries. Renowned for unique attractions like Mount Kilimanjaro (5,895 m / 19,341 ft), Serengeti and Ngorongoro parks, and white-sand beaches along the Indian Ocean, among many other sites. Its population stands at 69 million, with about 34% living in extreme poverty, mostly in rural areas.
6. South Africa
Population – 61 million
Growth rate – 1%.
South Africa is the sixth most populated country in africa. South Africa’s population is unique due to its slower growth rate compared to other African nations. Urbanisation remains a key feature, with cities like Johannesburg and Cape Town being major population centres. Economic inequality remains a pressing issue that needs addressing to ensure inclusive growth.
South Africa is among the continent’s most developed economies and the world’s fastest-growing consumer market, home to 61 million people. It is a leading exporter of gold, platinum, and other minerals and boasts established democratic institutions, a developed financial sector, and a skilled young workforce, with a median age of 28.7 years.
7. Kenya
Population – 56 million
Growth rate – 2% annually
Kenya is the seventh most populated country in africa. Kenya’s population growth has created both opportunities and challenges. The country’s focus on education and innovation positions it well to harness its demographic potential. Efforts to improve living standards in urban and rural areas are ongoing.
Kenya is the largest economy in sub-Saharan Africa. It occupies a strategic location in East Africa with major ports (like Mombasa) and a developed network of roads and railways, supporting active foreign trade. This makes Kenya attractive to foreign investment, especially in finance, communications technology, industry, and tourism.
8. Uganda
Population – 49 million
Growth rate – 2.76%
Uganda’s youthful population is one of the fastest-growing in Africa. Efforts to improve education and job opportunities are essential to harness the potential of this demographic. Addressing healthcare and infrastructure gaps remains a priority.
Uganda’s population has grown by 26.02 million in 24 years, with a CAGR of 3.11%. The fertility rate remains high at 4.17 births per woman, and the country sees over 1.6 million births annually. The urban population reached 29.3% in 2024, up from 14.5% in 2000, with Kampala alone housing over 4.2 million people. The median age is 16.7, and over 47% of the population is under age 15, making Uganda one of Africa’s youngest and fastest-growing countries.
9. Sudan
Population – 49 million
Growth rate – 2.6% annually
Sudan’s population continues to grow despite political and economic challenges. The country is working to stabilise its economy and address social needs to provide a better future for its citizens.
10. Algeria
Population – 46 million
Growth rate – 1.47%
Algeria’s population growth is influenced by its high urbanisation rates. The country continues to explore ways to balance population growth with sustainable resource management.
Algeria has added 15.9 million people since 2000, growing at a CAGR of 1.75%. The fertility rate increased from over 2.59 in the early 2000s to 2.72 births per woman in 2024. Urbanization is high, with urban dwellers making up 74% of the population.
