Individuals absorb and internalize the norms, values, beliefs, behaviors, and customs of their culture or community through the lifetime process of socialization. It is the method through which individuals become contributing members of their society and it is essential in determining a person’s identity, personality, and social behavior.
Primary socialization occurs in early childhood and is primarily influenced by parents, caregivers, and immediate family members. During this stage, children learn basic language skills, cultural norms, and values. Secondary socialization takes place as individuals interact with a broader range of social institutions and groups beyond their family, such as schools, peer groups, religious institutions, and the media. These institutions contribute to the development of more specialized knowledge and behaviors.
Socialization plays a crucial role in the development of young children. During their early years, children undergo primary socialization, which is the initial and most fundamental stage of socialization. The family is the primary agent of socialization during early childhood. Children learn basic social skills, values, and cultural norms from their parents and caregivers. They develop a sense of attachment and trust through these early interactions.
Young children begin to internalize the norms and values of their culture through interactions with family members. They learn what is considered acceptable behavior in their society and what is not. For example, they learn about manners, sharing, and basic moral principles. Socialization is closely linked to language development. Children learn to communicate by imitating the language and speech patterns of those around them. Language is not only a means of communication but also a tool for transmitting culture and values.
Here are some of the key benefits of socialization for young children:
Communication Skills:
Understanding and developing a variety of communication skills will help your child as they go through different stages of their life, such as starting child care, starting school or engaging in sporting/ extracurricular activities. Socializing allows kids to communicate with others outside of their immediate family and will help them understand risk-taking, social cues, how to listen and understand others. It is also important to note that communication skills come in many forms such as non-verbal and verbal communication, e.g. chattiness, showing interest, and hand gestures. So you shouldn’t worry if your child is not as chatty as the person next to them.
Confidence and Independence:
Socializing allows kids to build skills that will help them be confident and autonomous later in life. Social interactions will help children develop their self-esteem and build resilience towards the unknown and in turn, create connections that make new social interactions less scary. This is a particularly important skill for the first day of school because school can be a big and scary new environment for your child. Having resilience and confidence also means that your child is more likely to take part in healthy risk-taking such as going swimming or talking to someone new.
Cognitive Development:
Socialization fosters cognitive development by exposing children to new ideas, perspectives, and knowledge. Through conversations and activities with others, they acquire vocabulary, problem-solving skills, and critical thinking abilities. Positive social experiences can boost a child’s self-esteem and confidence. When they receive encouragement and support from peers and adults, they feel valued and capable.
Preparation for School and Life:
Socialization prepares children for formal education by teaching them to follow rules, routines, and classroom expectations. It also lays the foundation for lifelong social interactions and communication skills.
Positive Behavior Modeling:
Children observe and imitate the behaviors of those around them. Positive socialization provides opportunities for children to learn appropriate behaviors and values from adults and peers.
Conflict Resolution:
Interacting with others inevitably involves conflicts and disagreements. Socialization helps children learn how to handle conflicts in a constructive and non-aggressive manner.
Friendship Formation:
Socialization allows children to form friendships and build social support networks. These relationships can provide emotional support and companionship throughout childhood and beyond. Friends are a network outside of immediate family that your child can rely on for help and support them through crucial stages in their life, such as starting school, playing sport/extracurricular activity or their first recital. In particular, they can get excited about important events when their friends are involved because your child feels supported. Friends are the essence of our social network at all stages of our life and they help to reduce stress at times and improve our emotional and physical wellbeing.
